Mr. Danny Keating reports

GIYANI ANNOUNCES K.HILL PROJECT PEA WITH BASE CASE POST-TAX NPV(8%) OF US$983 MILLION FOR A 57-YEAR PROJECT LIFE AND UPSIDE CASE NPV(8%) OF US$1.6 BILLION

Giyani Metals Corp. has released a new preliminary economic assessment (PEA) for K.Hill following the release of the significantly increased mineral resource estimate (MRE), announced on July 13, 2023.

The PEA has a base case scenario considering a single production line to process K.Hill manganese oxide (MnO) material on site to produce high-purity manganese sulphate monohydrate (HPMSM), with feed capacity of 200,000 tonnes per annum (tpa) over a 57-year life of project (LOP). An upside case scenario is also evaluated, assuming an additional production line from year 5 of operations, taking total feed capacity to 400,000 tpa.

The PEA was prepared by CSA Global South Africa, an ERM Group company, in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 -- Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects.

Highlights:

• Base case posttax net present value using an 8-per-cent discount rate (NPV 8 per cent) of $983-million (U.S.) ($1.3-billion) and posttax internal rate of return (IRR) of 29.4 per cent.
• Updated MRE allows for high-grade mine scheduling and an average plant feed grade of 19.1 per cent MnO in the first five years of production, with an average grade of 17.3 per cent for the first 25 years of production.
• Base case LOP is 57 years with total production of 3.6 million tonnes (Mt) of HPMSM.
• Upside case posttax NPV at an 8-per-cent discount of $1.6-billion (U.S.) ($2.1-billion) and posttax IRR of 33.5 per cent over a 25-year LOP.
• Total initial capital expenditure of $284-million (U.S.), with an additional $208-million (U.S.) of expansion capital required in year 4 of the upside case.

Danny Keating, president and chief executive officer of the company, commented:

"The recently updated MRE and PEA redefine K.Hill as an exceptionally high value, long-life project capable of supplying high-quality, low-carbon HPMSM to lithium-ion battery customers for more than 50 years.

"With the operating parameters of the process plant already defined, the PEA demonstrates the economic value of the larger project life offered by the updated MRE and potential upside scale of operations. These are material improvements, and provide the solid basis to commence a new and optimized feasibility study to be completed in 2024, capturing all the learnings and results from the demonstration plant (demo plant), and the results and feedback from offtaker analysis of the HPMSM production. We believe K.Hill has the capacity to move materially down the cost curve as we refine our operating and procurement strategy, including possible over-the-fence production of key reagents by third parties.

"In parallel with our activities on the PEA, we remain focused on our core objectives. The construction of the demo plant continues in Johannesburg, and we remain in regular contact with the Botswana Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) for approval of our environmental impact statement (EIS) submission, which is required for the mining licence application.

"The PEA is an important step forward to demonstrate K.Hill's strategic importance to offtakers. It prepares a solid platform for commencing our optimized feasibility study, and reflects the company's value potential to our shareholders and investors."

PEA operational and economic highlights

The PEA has been prepared in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 for the disclosure of material information to meet the requirements of a PEA level of study and disclosure as defined in the regulations and supporting reference documents. The effective date of the report is July 13, 2023.

A summary of the key parameters of the base case is presented in the associated table. Unless otherwise stated, all financial figures are quoted in United States dollars.

An upside case for K. Hill has also been considered, with an additional production line from year 5 of operations, taking total feed capacity to 400,000 tpa. The upside case requires $208-million (U.S.) of additional capital for the expansion, part of which can be supported from project free cash flow.

The result is an upside case posttax NPV at an 8-per-cent discount of $1.6-billion (U.S.) ($2.1-billion) and posttax IRR of 33.5 per cent.

The base and upside cases reflect the optionality available to the company to meet the long-term supply needs of lithium-ion battery offtakers, as well as the ability to expand and maintain, or grow, market share as demand for HPMSM increases. With more stringent regulations in North America and Europe regarding sourcing of EV (electric vehicle) battery metals, Giyani's aim is to be the leading global supplier of non-China-sourced HPMSM.

Project summary

K.Hill, which is 100 per cent owned by Giyani's wholly owned Botswana subsidiary, Menzi Battery Metals Pty. Ltd., has been assessed as an integrated mining and processing operation for the on site production of HPMSM directly from manganese oxide material mined at K.Hill.

On July 13, 2023, the company announced an updated MRE issued by CSA Global for the project. The MRE reflected a 310-per-cent increase in indicated mineral resources and a 97-per-cent increase in inferred mineral resources. This significant increase offers the company greater flexibility in its mine planning and grade scheduling to optimize the feed grade to the plant, as well as extending the operating life of the project.

The K.Hill orebody will be extracted from an open pit using conventional truck-and-shovel mining methods, and the PEA assumes a contractor mining execution strategy. In order to optimize the feed to the plant, material mined will managed through dedicated high/medium/low grade stockpiles, ensuring security of supply to the plant at the highest available grade.

The mining schedule in the PEA has focused on early extraction of high-grade material. The increased resources defined in the MRE offers greater operational flexibility for maintaining higher-grade feed to the plant to generate strong early cash flows, while delivering an LOP that is significant for offtakers and customers.

The base case assumes a processing plant designed with a throughput capacity of 200,000 tpa and a two-year ramp-up schedule to meet the target recovery, reflecting the sophisticated nature of the K.Hill processing plant. The plant will produce HPMSM from K.Hill manganese oxide material using a hydrometallurgical process which does not require any carbon-intensive calcination or electrowinning. Under the upside case, a second 200,000 tpa production line will be constructed in year 4 of the K.Hill operation and commissioned in year 5.

CPM Group LLC, an independent research and consultancy company based in New York, and specialist in analysis of the high-purity manganese market, was engaged in 2022 to complete a HPMSM products market outlook study. The PEA has used CPM's forecast HPMSM prices, realized at the project's gate, and net of transportation costs and applicable tariffs, with 50 per cent of sales to the EU (European Union) (Berlin) and 50 per cent of sales to North America (Detroit). For the purposes of the PEA and valuation, a long-term average price of $3,780 (U.S.)/tonne HPMSM has been used from 2030.

Metallurgical processing reagents and raw materials constitute the largest component of processing expenditure based on the plant design criteria and flowsheet to produce HPMSM. During 2021 and early 2022, COVID-19-related disruptions led to an unprecedented rise in international freight rates, which elevated prices for the procurement of reagents. These rates have continued to normalize since then, toward pre-COVID levels, and updated reagent and raw materials prices have been incorporated into the PEA to reflect international freight market conditions as of June, 2023.

For the calculation of applicable local taxes, the PEA assumes a dual-taxation structure for Menzi, split between a mining company and a manufacturing company. The mining company will mine and sell manganese oxide material to the manufacturing operation, and will be taxed according to the Botswana mining company tax formula (minimum of 22 per cent on operating income with a maximum of 55 per cent). A mining royalty of 3 per cent will be applied to the revenue on the sale of the manganese material to the manufacturing operation. Income from the manufacturing company will be taxed at the Botswana manufacturing tax rate of 15 per cent, assuming a manufacturing development order will be received from the Botswana authorities.

The reader is advised that the PEA summarized in this press release is preliminary in nature and is intended to provide an initial, high-level review of the project's economic potential and design options. The PEA replaces and supersedes the company's previous 2022 feasibility study on the project. The PEA mine plan and economic model includes numerous assumptions and the use of inferred resources. Inferred resources are considered to be too speculative geologically to have economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that the PEA will be realized. Mineral resources that are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability.

Project execution and optimized feasibility study

The release of the updated MRE and new PEA for K.Hill highlights the inherent value of the project and the importance of the continuing activities related to the development of the commercial project. The company is progressing with various critical work streams to move the project to a final investment decision (FID), namely:

• Construction and commissioning of the demo plant in Johannesburg, which will be capable of producing up to 600 kilograms (kg) per day of dry HPMSM crystals for shipment to offtakers for product qualification and contractual negotiation.
• Advancing discussions with the multiple tier 1 offtakers which have expressed interest in bringing K.Hill into their battery raw material supply chains, a number of which have already visited Giyani's facilities. These discussions will be enhanced by the increased LOP and potential scale of production, which are key requirements for the long-term outlook taken by offtakers.
• Finalization and approval of the EIS following comments received from the DEA, which will facilitate environmental authorization of the project and open the door to an application for a 25-year mining licence.
• Continuation of discussions with the Special Economic Zone Authority of Botswana with regards to establishing a special economic zone around the K.Hill processing plant, which, among other benefits, establishes a corporation tax rate of 5 per cent for the first 10 years of production and 10 per cent thereafter. This regime has not been utilized within the PEA.
• Review of various optimization parameters, including operating costs, specifically related to consumption of key reagents, where the company is assessing options to reduce consumption of certain higher-value reagents and/or localize sourcing (over-the-fence production) to limit transport costs and develop local business opportunities.

The results of some of these work streams will be incorporated into an optimized feasibility study based on the updated MRE for K.Hill, which will form the basis for a future FID. Work on the optimized feasibility study is expected to commence in Q4 2023.

Mineral resources

The mineral resource estimate completed by CSA Global is presented in the associated table for ease of reference.

About Giyani Metals Corp.

Giyani's mission is to become a sustainable, low-carbon producer of battery materials for the electric vehicle industry. The company has developed a hydrometallurgical process to produce high-purity manganese sulphate monohydrate, a lithium-ion-battery cathode precursor material critical for EVs, directly from ore from its manganese oxide deposits in Botswana, wholly owned by its Botswana subsidiary Menzi Battery Metals. The company's assets include K.Hill, and the Otse and Lobatse manganese prospects, each of which has seen historical mining activities.

Qualified persons

An NI 43-101 technical report, including results of the PEA and the MRE, will be filed within 45 days of the release by the company dated July 13, 2023, first disclosing the MRE on SEDAR+ and made available on the company's website.

Howard Simpson, BSc Eng (honours), BCom, FAusIMM-CP Mining (membership No. 326398), RPEQ, mining manager and consulting director at CSA Global, is a qualified person as defined by National Instrument 43-101. Mr. Simpson is responsible for the capital and operating cost, as well as economic analysis estimates in this news release. Mr. Simpson has reviewed and approved the scientific and technical content contained in this press release.

Anton Geldenhuys, MEng, a registered professional natural scientist (SACNASP, membership No. 400313/04) of CSA Global is a qualified person as defined by National Instrument 43-101. Mr. Geldenhuys has reviewed and approved the scientific and technical content contained in this press release.

Andrew Carter, BSc, CEng, MIMMM, MSAIMM, SME, EUR ING, head of mining United Kingdom and Ireland for Tetra Tech, is a QP under NI 43-101, and is responsible for the metallurgical test work results, process engineering, process operating costs, and plant and infrastructure capital cost estimates in this news release. Mr. Carter has reviewed and approved the scientific and technical content contained in this press release.

Neither CSA Global, Tetra Tech nor the QPs of the PEA, has or have had previously any material interest in Giyani or the mineral properties in which Giyani has an interest. The relationship with Giyani is solely one of professional association between the client and the independent consultant. The PEA is prepared in return for professional fees based upon agreed commercial rates, and the payment of these fees is in no way contingent on the results of the PEA or the contents of this news release.

We seek Safe Harbor.