Dr. Steven Theriault reports

CYTOPHAGE IDENTIFIES TWO NEW PATIENT CANDIDATES FOR PHAGE THERAPY FOR PROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS

Two patients have been selected as candidates eligible to receive Cytophage Technologies Ltd.'s proprietary new bacteriophage (phage) product targeting Staphylococcus aureus, a common cause of chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI). This marks another critical milestone in the company's continuing efforts to advance phage-based solutions for treatment-resistant infections in humans.

Cytophage is leveraging its unique technology and extensive infectious diseases experience to optimize a phage designed to combat Staphylococcus aureus -- a key target bacterium for the company's multiphage PJI treatment currently in development. This builds upon Cytophage's previous clinical achievements, including the delivery of Canada's first bacteriophage therapy to a patient with a PJI in 2024, and demonstrates the company's continuing success in creating innovative therapies to save and/or enhance patient lives.

"Every new patient treated with one of our phage therapies brings us one step closer to developing our multibacterial PJI treatment," said Dr. Steven Theriault, CEO of Cytophage. "Identifying these new candidates underscores the real-world impact that our innovative approach is making and reinforces our commitment to delivering effective solutions for treatment-resistant infections."

Today's announcement supports Cytophage's broader goal of developing multiphage "cocktails" designed to address a wide range of bacterial pathogens responsible for PJIs, including both staphylococci and enterococci. Results from patient treatments will directly inform the continuing development and optimization of these phage cocktails, ultimately aiming to maximize impact.

Next steps

Cytophage is currently working closely with its hospital partners to secure the necessary ethics and regulatory approvals, including those from Health Canada (open-label individual patient trial) and Environment Canada (new substance notification). The company expects to proceed with this treatment in Q4 (fourth quarter) of 2025. Physician follow-up will continue throughout 2026.

Cytophage has targeted PJIs given their severe consequences for patients and the significant economic impact on the health care system. According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), over 130,000 hip and knee replacements are performed annually in Canada that have the potential to become chronically infected. A review in the New England Journal of Medicine reported the lifetime cost of such an infection in the hip can cost over $390,000 (U.S.) ($540,000 (Canadian)) in treatment and hospitalization. Cytophage aims to develop precision phage products to address these high costs and, most importantly, alleviate patient suffering.

About Cytophage Technologies Ltd.

Cytophage is a pioneering biotechnology company dedicated to bacteriophage research, product development and commercialization.

Bacteriophages are viruses that only infect and kill bacteria. These natural killers of bacteria can overcome cellular or organism-level defences.

Cytophage is improving bacteria's natural predators with environmental, as well as genetic modifications, to bring safe and toxin-free killer solutions to large addressable markets with an initial focus on animal health, which offers a fast-track to near-term revenue. As a leading bacteriophage manufacturer in Canada and powered by a large library of strains, Cytophage is committed to addressing the global challenge of antibiotic resistance (AMR). The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that AMR will be the leading cause of human mortality by 2050. Many countries have already banned or limited preventative antibiotic use in animal production including 27 European Union countries, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Bangladesh, India and Mexico. In addition to that, consumers all over the world are demanding organic and antibiotic-free products.

Cytophage is using a derisked and patented technology to advance innovative and cost-competitive products that harness the power of bacteriophages to combat bacterial infections affecting human health, animal health and food security.

We seek Safe Harbor.