18:14:49 EDT Tue 17 Mar 2026
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Comscore Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results

2026-03-17 16:05 ET - News Release

RESTON, Va., March 17, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Comscore, Inc. (Nasdaq: SCOR), a trusted partner for planning, transacting and evaluating media across platforms, today reported financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

"Our full-year 2025 results reflect solid progress in key strategic areas of our business. We delivered strong double-digit growth in our local TV and cross-platform business lines, both of which helped drive revenue growth year over year," said Jon Carpenter, CEO. "We are pleased with the progress the team has made, and with the recapitalization transaction behind us, we can now focus on unlocking value through strategic transformation that will enable Comscore's cross-platform capabilities to become the standard for modern measurement."

FY 2025 Business and Financial Highlights

  • Revenue for 2025 was $357.5 million compared to $356.0 million in 2024
    • 24% growth in cross-platform solutions, driven by Proximic and CCR and continued adoption of our cross-platform content measurement offering
    • Double-digit growth in local TV driven by key renewals and new business
  • Net loss of $10.0 million compared to $60.2 million in 2024, primarily resulting from a non-cash goodwill impairment charge in 2024
  • Adjusted EBITDA1 of $42.0 million compared to $41.0 million in 2024
  • Closed pivotal recapitalization transaction with preferred stockholders, eliminating the $18.0 million annual dividend burden and the preferred stockholders' right to a special dividend of at least $47.0 million, enhancing alignment between common and preferred stockholders

Q4 2025 Financial Highlights

  • Revenue for the fourth quarter was $93.5 million compared to $94.9 million in Q4 2024
  • Net income of $3.0 million compared to $3.1 million in Q4 2024
  • Adjusted EBITDA of $14.7 million compared to $14.2 million in Q4 2024

2026 Financial Outlook

  • Q1 2026 revenue expected to be roughly flat compared to Q1 2025
  • Full-year revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance expected to follow similar trends to 2025
  • Updated outlook to be provided on the next earnings call

1 Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are non-GAAP measures defined in the "Fourth Quarter Summary Results" section and are reconciled to net income (loss) and net income (loss) margin in the addendum of this release.

Fourth Quarter Summary Results

Revenue in the fourth quarter was $93.5 million, down 1.5% from $94.9 million in Q4 2024. Content & Ad Measurement revenue declined 2.7% compared to the prior-year quarter, driven by lower revenue from our syndicated audience offerings (primarily related to our national TV and syndicated digital products), partially offset by an increase in our cross-platform revenue, which grew 9.6% over Q4 2024. Research & Insight Solutions revenue increased 5.3% from Q4 2024, primarily due to new business from our consumer brand health products.

Our core operating expenses, which include cost of revenues, sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses, were $86.3 million for the quarter, down 4.4% compared to $90.3 million in Q4 2024, primarily due to lower employee compensation and data costs, partially offset by higher royalty and reseller costs.

Net income for the quarter was $3.0 million, compared to $3.1 million in Q4 2024, resulting in net income margins of 3.2% and 3.3% of revenue, respectively. After accounting for dividends on our convertible preferred stock and the deemed contribution recognized as part of the recapitalization transaction, income per share attributable to common shares in Q4 2025 was $6.40, compared to loss per share attributable to common shares of $(0.27) in Q4 2024.

Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was $14.7 million, compared to $14.2 million in Q4 2024, resulting in adjusted EBITDA margins of 15.7% and 15.0%, respectively. Due to volatility in foreign currency exchange rates (FX), in the first quarter of 2025 we modified our adjusted EBITDA metric (as well as comparable prior periods) to exclude the impact of foreign currency transactions. Beginning in the third quarter of 2025 (and for comparable prior periods), we also modified this metric to exclude certain costs related to our consideration of strategic alternatives, including the strategic review that culminated in the recapitalization transaction we closed in Q4 2025. As revised, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin exclude depreciation and amortization, net interest expense, income taxes, impairment charges, stock-based compensation expense, transformation costs, restructuring costs, strategic transaction costs, change in fair value of contingent consideration liability, gain/loss from foreign currency transactions and other items as presented in the accompanying tables.

Full-Year Summary Results

Revenue for 2025 was $357.5 million, up 0.4% compared to $356.0 million in 2024. Content & Ad Measurement revenue increased 1.0% compared to 2024, largely driven by higher revenue from our cross-platform offerings, which grew 24.4% over 2024, and growth in local TV. This growth was partially offset by a decrease in revenue from our syndicated audience offerings, primarily related to our national TV and syndicated digital products. Research & Insight Solutions revenue decreased 3.1% from 2024, primarily due to lower deliveries of certain custom digital products.

Our core operating expenses, which include cost of revenues, sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses, were $350.4 million, up 1.0% compared to $347.1 million in 2024, primarily due to higher employee compensation, royalties and reseller costs, and panel costs, partially offset by lower data costs.

Net loss for the year was $10.0 million, compared to $60.2 million in 2024, resulting in net loss margins of 2.8% and 16.9% of revenue, respectively. Included in net loss for 2024 was a non-cash impairment charge of $63.0 million related to goodwill. After accounting for dividends on our convertible preferred stock and the deemed contribution recognized as part of the recapitalization transaction, income per share attributable to common shares in 2025 was $4.30, compared to loss per share attributable to common shares of $(15.53) in 2024.

Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA for the year was $42.0 million compared to $41.0 million in 2024, resulting in adjusted EBITDA margins of 11.8% and 11.5%, respectively.

Balance Sheet and Liquidity

As of December 31, 2025, cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaled $26.8 million, including $3.2 million in restricted cash. Outstanding debt principal under our senior secured term loan was $44.6 million. We had no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2025, with a remaining borrowing capacity of $15.0 million.

On December 29, 2025, we completed a recapitalization transaction with our preferred stockholders (Charter Communications, Liberty Broadband Corporation, and an affiliate of Cerberus Capital Management) in which each preferred stockholder exchanged all of its shares of Series B preferred stock for shares of common stock and a new Series C preferred stock. The transaction implied the exchange of (i) $80.8 million of existing liquidation preference for common stock at an effective price of $8.19 per share, a nearly 50% premium to the 90-day VWAP of $5.465 per share as of the transaction signing date (September 26, 2025), and (ii) $183.7 million of remaining liquidation preference for Series C preferred stock at a price of $14.50 per share. The new preferred stock is convertible into common stock at an initial rate of 1:1 and will pay no annual dividends. The transaction also eliminated the preferred stockholders' previous right to a special dividend of at least $47.0 million and reduced their director designation rights, among other things, enhancing alignment between common and preferred stockholders. As a result of the transaction, annualized cash compensation for our board of directors was reduced by more than 20%, incremental to recent reductions in equity compensation.

2026 Outlook

Based on current trends and expectations, we expect to see continued double-digit revenue growth from our cross-platform offerings in 2026, which should offset the declines we anticipate from our national TV and syndicated digital products. As such, we expect revenue in the first quarter of 2026 to be roughly flat compared to Q1 2025. Following the recapitalization transaction we closed in Q4 2025, we are now in a better position to evaluate additional strategic actions with the potential to further streamline our capital structure, enhance our financial profile, unlock growth and simplify our business. We plan to provide an update on our progress, along with our outlook for the rest of the year, on our next earnings call.

Conference Call Information for Today, Tuesday, March 17, 2026 at 5:00 p.m. ET

Management will host a conference call to discuss the results on Tuesday, March 17, 2026, at 5:00 p.m. ET. The live audio webcast along with supplemental information will be accessible at ir.comscore.com/events-presentations. Participants can obtain dial-in information by registering for the call at the same web address and are advised to register in advance of the call to avoid delays. Following the conference call, a replay will be available via webcast at ir.comscore.com/events-presentations.

About Comscore

Comscore is a global, trusted partner for planning, transacting and evaluating media across platforms. With an unmatched data footprint that combines digital, linear TV, over-the-top and theatrical viewership intelligence with advanced audience insights, Comscore empowers media buyers and sellers to quantify their multiscreen behavior and make meaningful business decisions with confidence. A proven leader in measuring digital and TV audiences and advertising at scale, Comscore is the industry's emerging, third-party source for reliable and comprehensive cross-platform measurement.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal and state securities laws, including, without limitation, our expectations, forecasts, plans and opinions regarding expected revenue in Q1 2026, our full-year 2026 performance and financial trends, revenue drivers and growth opportunities, future value creation and strategic transformation, customer adoption of our measurement products, the expected benefits of our recent recapitalization transaction, plans for our next earnings call, and our consideration of additional strategic actions and their potential benefits, including benefits with respect to our capital structure, financial profile, growth and business simplification. These statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events to differ materially from expectations, including, but not limited to, changes in our business and customer, partner and vendor relationships and contracts; external market conditions and competition; continued changes or declines in ad spending or other macroeconomic factors; evolving trade policies and privacy and regulatory standards; product adoption rates; the availability and desirability of additional strategic actions; developments in pending or potential legal matters; and our ability to achieve our expected strategic, financial and operational plans. For additional discussion of risk factors, please refer to our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and other filings that we make from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), which are available on the SEC's website (www.sec.gov).

Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date such statements are made. We do not intend or undertake, and expressly disclaim, any duty or obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements to reflect events, circumstances or new information after the date of this press release, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To provide investors with additional information regarding our financial results, we are disclosing in this press release adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin, which are non-GAAP financial measures used by our management to understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating results, as they permit our investors to view our core business performance using the same metrics that management uses to evaluate our performance. Nevertheless, our use of these non-GAAP financial measures has limitations as an analytical tool, and investors should not consider these measures in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Instead, you should consider these measures alongside GAAP-based financial performance measures, net income (loss), net income (loss) margin, various cash flow metrics, and our other GAAP financial results. Set forth below are reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, net income (loss) and net income (loss) margin. These reconciliations should be carefully evaluated.

Media
Marie Scoutas
Comscore, Inc.
(917) 213-2032
Press@comscore.com

Investors
Jackie Marcus or Nick Nelson
Alpha IR Group
(617) 466-9257
Investor@comscore.com


 
COMSCORE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 As of December 31,
  2025   2024 
Assets   
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$23,621  $29,937 
Restricted cash 3,179   3,531 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $496 and $462, respectively 57,260   64,266 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 12,210   10,323 
Total current assets 96,270   108,057 
Property and equipment, net 43,714   47,116 
Operating right-of-use assets 8,565   13,173 
Deferred tax assets 3,154   2,624 
Intangible assets, net 2,529   5,058 
Goodwill 248,636   246,010 
Other non-current assets 4,841   8,209 
Total assets$407,709  $430,247 
Liabilities, Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)   
Current liabilities:   
Accounts payable$16,956  $16,471 
Accrued expenses 44,879   35,013 
Contract liabilities 36,575   45,464 
Accrued dividends    8,962 
Customer advances 7,605   9,566 
Current operating lease liabilities 8,783   8,598 
Other current liabilities 8,093   7,230 
Total current liabilities 122,891   131,304 
Secured term loan 39,297   40,718 
Non-current operating lease liabilities 6,238   14,805 
Non-current portion of accrued data costs 24,917   33,551 
Deferred tax liabilities 1,997   891 
Non-current payable to preferred stockholders 4,457    
Other non-current liabilities 6,751   9,771 
Total liabilities 206,548   231,040 
Commitments and contingencies   
Series C convertible redeemable preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 12,670,863 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025; no shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference of $183,728 as of December 31, 2025 and zero as of December 31, 2024 89,722    
Series B convertible redeemable preferred stock, $0.001 par value; no shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025; 100,000,000 shares authorized and 95,784,903 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024; aggregate liquidation preference of zero as of December 31, 2025 and $245,732 as of December 31, 2024    207,470 
Stockholders' equity (deficit):   
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 1,329,137 shares authorized as of December 31, 2025 and 5,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2024; no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2025 or 2024     
Common stock, 0.001 par value; 46,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2025 and 13,750,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2024; 15,214,378 shares issued and 14,876,139 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2025, and 5,228,814 shares issued and 4,890,575 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2024 15   5 
Additional paid-in capital 1,781,265   1,714,052 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (9,862)  (18,068)
Accumulated deficit (1,429,995)  (1,474,268)
Treasury stock, at cost, 338,239 shares as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 (229,984)  (229,984)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) 111,439   (8,263)
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock and stockholders' equity (deficit)$407,709  $430,247 


 
COMSCORE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 Years Ended December 31,
  2025   2024   2023 
Revenues$357,469  $356,047  $371,343 
      
Cost of revenues(1) (2) 212,761   208,708   205,580 
Selling and marketing(1) (2) 59,902   57,622   63,322 
Research and development(1) (2) 30,174   33,066   33,701 
General and administrative(1) (2) 47,594   47,679   51,192 
Amortization of intangible assets 2,529   3,057   5,213 
Impairment of goodwill    63,000   78,200 
Impairment of right-of-use and long-lived assets    1,397   1,502 
Restructuring    1,027   6,234 
Total expenses from operations 352,960   415,556   444,944 
Income (loss) from operations 4,509   (59,509)  (73,601)
(Loss) gain from foreign currency transactions (5,892)  1,417   (2,824)
Interest expense, net (6,693)  (1,883)  (1,445)
Other income, net    651   42 
Loss before income taxes (8,076)  (59,324)  (77,828)
Income tax provision (1,928)  (924)  (1,533)
Net loss$(10,004) $(60,248) $(79,361)
Net income (loss) available:     
Net loss$(10,004) $(60,248) $(79,361)
Convertible redeemable preferred stock dividends (18,767)  (17,600)  (16,270)
Preferred stockholders' deemed contribution(3) 73,044       
Total net income (loss) available$44,273  $(77,848) $(95,631)
      
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders$22,569  $(77,848) $(95,631)
      
Net income (loss) per common share:     
Basic$4.30  $(15.53) $(19.88)
Diluted$4.25  $(15.53) $(19.88)
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share calculation - common stock:     
Basic 5,247,356   5,014,049   4,811,233 
Diluted 5,307,608   5,014,049   4,811,233 
Comprehensive loss:     
Net loss$(10,004) $(60,248) $(79,361)
Other Comprehensive income (loss):     
Foreign currency cumulative translation adjustment 8,206   (3,958)  1,830 
Total comprehensive loss$(1,798) $(64,206) $(77,531)
      
(1)Excludes amortization of intangible assets, which is presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
(2)Stock-based compensation expense is included in the line items above as follows:
 Years Ended December 31,
  2025   2024   2023 
Cost of revenues$442  $221  $533 
Selling and marketing 359   126   380 
Research and development 264   161   411 
General and administrative 1,592   2,683   3,211 
Total stock-based compensation expense$2,657  $3,191  $4,535 
 
(3)This amount represents the deemed contribution recognized as part of the recapitalization transaction closed in the fourth quarter of 2025.


 
COMSCORE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 
 Years Ended December 31,
  2025   2024   2023 
Operating activities:     
Net loss$(10,004) $(60,248) $(79,361)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:     
Depreciation 23,745   22,087   19,778 
Unrealized foreign currency loss 5,167       
Non-cash operating lease expense 4,976   5,240   5,456 
Amortization expense of finance leases 3,713   3,651   1,929 
Stock-based compensation expense 2,657   3,191   4,535 
Amortization of intangible assets 2,529   3,057   5,213 
Deferred tax provision (benefit) 818   (841)  (35)
Impairment of goodwill    63,000   78,200 
Impairment of right-of-use and long-lived assets    1,397   1,502 
Other 2,658   1,339   2,248 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:     
Accounts receivable 6,632   (1,649)  4,781 
Prepaid expenses and other assets (2,981)  1,987   2,185 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities 2,782   (10,570)  (4,121)
Contract liabilities and customer advances (11,378)  (4,739)  (5,517)
Operating lease liabilities (8,578)  (8,798)  (7,867)
Net cash provided by operating activities 22,736   18,104   28,926 
      
Investing activities:     
Capitalized internal-use software costs (22,429)  (23,249)  (22,206)
Purchases of property and equipment (956)  (813)  (1,580)
Net cash used in investing activities (23,385)  (24,062)  (23,786)
      
Financing activities:     
Proceeds from insurance financing 2,270   2,118    
Proceeds from secured term loan    45,000    
Payments of line of credit    (16,000)   
Principal payments of term loan (450)      
Payments of financing and debt issuance costs (559)  (4,551)   
Contingent consideration payment at initial value (859)  (3,704)  (1,037)
Payment of preferred stock and common stock issuance costs (1,352)      
Principal payments on insurance financing (2,108)  (2,122)   
Principal payments on finance leases (3,931)  (2,852)  (2,066)
Other (6)  (266)  (291)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (6,995)  17,623   (3,394)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 976   (1,133)  748 
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (6,668)  10,532   2,494 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 33,468   22,936   20,442 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$26,800  $33,468  $22,936 
            
 As of December 31,
  2025   2024   2023 
Cash and cash equivalents$23,621  $29,937  $22,750 
Restricted cash 3,179   3,531   186 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$26,800  $33,468  $22,936 


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP net loss and net loss margin to non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin for each of the periods identified. Beginning in 2025 and for comparable prior periods, adjusted EBITDA is presented excluding the impact of foreign currency transactions, as described above.

 Years Ended December 31,
  2025   2024   2023 
(In thousands)(Unaudited) (Unaudited) (Unaudited)
GAAP net loss$(10,004) $(60,248) $(79,361)
      
Depreciation 23,745   22,087   19,778 
Interest expense, net 6,693   1,883   1,445 
Amortization expense of finance leases 3,713   3,651   1,929 
Amortization of intangible assets 2,529   3,057   5,213 
Income tax provision 1,928   924   1,533 
EBITDA 28,604   (28,646)  (49,463)
      
Adjustments:     
Loss (gain) from foreign currency transactions 5,892   (1,417)  2,824 
Stock-based compensation expense 2,657   3,191   4,535 
Transformation costs(1) 2,860   1,547   1,283 
Amortization of cloud-computing implementation costs 1,426   1,420   1,439 
Strategic transaction costs(2) 596   43   266 
Impairment of goodwill    63,000   78,200 
Impairment of right-of-use and long-lived assets    1,397   1,502 
Restructuring    1,027   6,234 
Other(3)    (574)  301 
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA$42,035  $40,988  $47,121 
Net loss margin(4)(2.8 )% (16.9 )% (21.4 )%
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin(5) 11.8%  11.5%  12.7%

(1) Transformation costs represent: (1) expenses incurred prior to formal launch of identified strategic projects with anticipated long-term benefits to the company, generally relating to third-party professional fees and non-capitalizable technology costs tied directly to the identified projects and (2) severance costs associated with the reorganization of our teams in connection with the identified projects.
(2) Strategic transaction costs represent third-party professional fees and other charges incurred in connection with strategic transactions, including mergers, acquisitions, financings and dispositions, regardless of whether consummated, which we otherwise would not have incurred as part of our normal business operations.
(3) Adjustments to Other primarily reflect non-cash changes in the fair value of warrants liability included in other income, net and changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liability included in general and administrative expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
(4) Net loss margin is calculated by dividing net loss by revenues reported on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the applicable period.
(5) Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing adjusted EBITDA by revenues reported on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the applicable period.


 
COMSCORE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 Three Months Ended December 31,
  2025   2024 
Revenues$93,465  $94,936 
    
Cost of revenues(1) (2) 55,132   54,683 
Selling and marketing(1) (2) 13,885   14,931 
Research and development(1) (2) 7,068   8,654 
General and administrative(1) (2) 10,197   12,016 
Amortization of intangible assets 632   692 
Restructuring    59 
Total expenses from operations 86,914   91,035 
Income from operations 6,551   3,901 
Interest expense, net (1,683)  (443)
(Loss) gain from foreign currency transactions (482)  2,925 
Income before income taxes 4,386   6,383 
Income tax provision (1,358)  (3,239)
Net income$3,028  $3,144 
Net income (loss) available:   
Net income$3,028  $3,144 
Convertible redeemable preferred stock dividends (4,863)  (4,538)
Preferred stockholders' deemed contribution(3) 73,044    
Total net income (loss) available$71,209  $(1,394)
    
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders$35,684  $(1,394)
    
Net income (loss) per common share:   
Basic$6.40  $(0.27)
Diluted$6.34  $(0.27)
Weighted-average number of shares used in per share calculation - common stock:   
Basic 5,575,727   5,096,459 
Diluted 5,624,917   5,096,459 
Comprehensive income (loss):   
Net income$3,028  $3,144 
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Foreign currency cumulative translation adjustment 616   (4,786)
Total comprehensive income (loss)$3,644  $(1,642)
    
(1)Excludes amortization of intangible assets, which is presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
(2)Stock-based compensation (benefit) expense is included in the line items above as follows:
 Three Months Ended December 31,
  2025   2024 
Cost of revenues$(173) $103 
Selling and marketing (165)  55 
Research and development (103)  69 
General and administrative 235   697 
Total stock-based compensation (benefit) expense$(206) $924 
 
(3) This amount represents the deemed contribution recognized as part of the recapitalization transaction closed in the fourth quarter of 2025.


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following table presents a reconciliation of GAAP net income and net income margin to non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin for each of the periods identified. Beginning in 2025 and for comparable prior periods, adjusted EBITDA is presented excluding the impact of foreign currency transactions, as described above.

 Three Months Ended December 31,
  2025   2024 
(In thousands)(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
GAAP net income$3,028  $3,144 
    
Depreciation 6,095   5,893 
Interest expense, net 1,683   443 
Income tax provision 1,358   3,239 
Amortization expense of finance leases 919   960 
Amortization of intangible assets 632   692 
EBITDA 13,715   14,371 
    
Adjustments:   
Loss (gain) from foreign currency transactions 482   (2,925)
Amortization of cloud-computing implementation costs 355   345 
Transformation costs(1) 311   1,472 
Stock-based compensation (benefit) expense (206)  924 
Strategic transaction costs(2) 58   (6)
Restructuring    59 
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA$14,715  $14,240 
Net income margin(3) 3.2%  3.3%
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margin(4) 15.7%  15.0%

(1) Transformation costs represent (1) expenses incurred prior to formal launch of identified strategic projects with anticipated long-term benefits to the company, generally relating to third-party professional fees and non-capitalizable technology costs tied directly to the identified projects and (2) severance costs associated with the reorganization of our teams in connection with the identified projects.
(2) Strategic transaction costs represent third-party professional fees and other charges incurred in connection with strategic transactions, including mergers, acquisitions, financings and dispositions, regardless of whether consummated, which we otherwise would not have incurred as part of our normal business operations.
(3) Net income margin is calculated by dividing net income by revenues reported on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the applicable period.
(4) Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing adjusted EBITDA by revenues reported on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the applicable period.

Revenues

Revenues from our offerings of products and services are as follows:

 Years Ended December 31,    
(In thousands)2025
 % of Revenue 2024
 % of Revenue $ Variance % Variance
Content & Ad Measurement           
Syndicated Audience(1)$253,932 70.9% $260,654 73.2% $(6,722) (2.6 )%
Cross-Platform 50,338 14.1%  40,470 11.4%  9,868  24.4%
Total Content & Ad Measurement 304,270 85.1%  301,124 84.6%  3,146  1.0%
Research & Insight Solutions 53,199 14.9%  54,923 15.4%  (1,724) (3.1 )%
Total revenues$357,469 100.0% $356,047 100.0% $1,422  0.4%

(1) Syndicated Audience revenue includes revenue from our movies business, which grew from $37.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2024 to $38.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2025.

 Three Months Ended December 31,    
(In thousands)2025
(Unaudited)
 % of Revenue 2024
(Unaudited)
 % of Revenue $ Variance % Variance
Content & Ad Measurement           
Syndicated Audience(1)$63,255 67.7% $66,823 70.4% $(3,568) (5.3)%
Cross-Platform 15,577 16.7%  14,218 15.0%  1,359  9.6%
Total Content & Ad Measurement 78,832 84.3%  81,041 85.4%  (2,209) (2.7)%
Research & Insight Solutions 14,633 15.7%  13,895 14.6%  738  5.3%
Total revenues$93,465 100.0% $94,936 100.0% $(1,471) (1.5)%

(1) Syndicated Audience revenue includes revenue from our movies business, which grew from $9.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2024 to $9.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2025.

 Three Months Ended (Unaudited) Year Ended  
(In thousands)March 31, 2025 June 30, 2025 September 30, 2025 December 31,
2025
 December 31,
2025
 % of Total 2025 Revenue
Content & Ad Measurement           
Syndicated Audience$63,504 $63,953 $63,220 $63,255 $253,932 70.9%
Cross-Platform 9,662  12,800  12,299  15,577  50,338 14.1%
Total Content & Ad Measurement 73,166  76,753  75,519  78,832  304,270 85.1%
Research & Insight Solutions 12,543  12,636  13,387  14,633  53,199 14.9%
Total revenues$85,709 $89,389 $88,906 $93,465 $357,469 100.0%




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